2-28.WARP
Warp is the difference between the maximum and the minimum distances of the median surface of a free, un-clamped wafer from the reference plane defined above. This definition follows ASTM F657, and ASTM F1390,which deviation from a plane of a slice or wafer centerline containing both concave and convex regions.
2-2.Wafer Thickness, Center Point Thin (thickness depends on wafer diameter, but is typically less than 1mm),circular slice of single-crystal semiconductor material cut from the ingot of single crystal semiconductor; used in manufacturing of semiconductor devices and integrated circuits; wafer diameters may range from 5mm to [...]
Most analog signal conditioning and digital logic circuits are considered “signal level” in that individual transistors in these circuits do not typically require any more than a few milliamperes of current and <20 V to function properly. Commercially available silicon-on-insulator circuits can perform complex digital and [...]
5-6-1 SiC Optoelectronic Devices The wide bandgap of SiC is useful for realizing short-wavelength blue and ultraviolet (UV) optoelectronics. 6H-SiC-based pn junction light-emitting diodes (LEDs) were the first semiconductor devices to cover the blue portion of the visible color spectrum, and became the first SiC-based devices to [...]
2-33.P type A semiconductor has electrical conductivity between that of a conductor and an insulator. Semiconductors differ from metals in their characteristic property of decreasing electrical resistivity with increasing temperature.Semiconductors can also display properties of passing current more easily in one direction than the other, [...]
2-16.Pits Individual distinguishable surface anomalies, which appears as a depression in the wafer surface with a lengthto-width ratio less than 5 to 1, and visible under high intensity illumination.
5-4-1 Historical Lack of SiC Wafers Reproducible wafers of reasonable consistency, size, quality, and availability are a prerequisite for commercial mass production of semiconductor electronics. Many semiconductor materials can be melted and reproducibly recrystallized into large single crystals with the aid of a seed crystal, such as [...]
